Open Cell vs Closed Cell Foam: Understanding the Differences

When looking for a foam product, choosing the cell type best suited for your application is your first step. There are two types to choose from: open cell or closed cell foam.  But what are the differences between the two? Which cell type works better in different situations? This guide will help give you an idea of what type of materials you are looking for.

Open Cell Foam

Open cell foam is a type of foam that is made up of flexible cells. These cells are connected to each other and are open to the surrounding environment. The open cell foam has almost a mesh like structure and is mostly empty space. This structure makes the foam breathable allowing air and moisture to pass through. It is also more resistant to mold and mildew and can be easily cut or shaped to fit any space. Open cell foam is generally more affordable than other types of foam, making it a great choice for projects on a budget.

Common Types of Open Cell Foams

Polyester – It resists water and moisture, has very good air permeability, and remains flexible over a long period of demanding usage. Although polyester behaves similarly to polyether foams, polyester is slightly more rigid. It is a popular choice for gasketing and vibration / noise dampening for a variety of different industries. 

Polyether – It resists water and moisture, has very good air permeability, and remains flexible over a long period of demanding usage. Although polyether behaves similarly to polyester foams, polyether is slightly less rigid. It is a popular choice for gasketing and vibration / noise dampening for a variety of different industries.

Sponge Rubber – It has high compression with a fast recovery, extremely durable with shock absorption, and has non-skid properties. It is made from natural rubber. It is used in a variety of industries, including automotive, industrial, and consumer markets.

Urethane – Although an open cell foam, when compressed it acts more like a closed cell foam. It is highly resistant to weather extremes, fungi, and oxidation. It is a popular choice for gasketing, thermal shielding, vibration / noise dampening and for a variety of industrial industries.

Closed Cell Foam

Closed cell foam is a type of foam that is made up of cells that are completely sealed off and not connected to each other. This means that no air or water can pass through the foam, making it an excellent choice for waterproofing and insulation. Closed cell foam is also more durable and resistant to abrasion than open cell foam, making it a great choice for high-impact applications. Closed cell foam is also more expensive than open cell foam, but the extra cost is often worth the added durability.  There are a many different types of closed cell foams, but they all typically share these qualities.

Common Types of Closed Cell Foams

Neoprene – A synthetic rubber material with excellent resistance to oil, weather, and ozone. It is flexible and has good insulation properties, making it a popular choice for a variety of applications.

EPDM – A type of synthetic rubber with excellent heat, chemical, and ozone resistance. It has variety of industrial applications and is commonly used in gaskets, seals, and other products.

Blended Neoprene/EPDM/SBR – A combination of neoprene, EPDM, and SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber) materials. It has excellent resistance to weather, ozone, and oils, making it a popular choice for outdoor applications. 

Polyethylene – A lightweight, chemically stable plastic foam. It is highly resistant to corrosion and is durable, making it a popular choice for a variety of industrial applications.

Silicone – A flexible, temperature-resistant material. It is ideal for sealing and protecting outdoor enclosures such as HID lighting fixtures, electronic cabinets, and HVAC units from environmental damage. It is also recommended for isolating vibration in electronic components and vehicles. 

Vinyl Nitrile – A synthetic rubber material with excellent resistance to moisture, fire, and chemicals. It is widely utilized for roof curb sealing, pipe wrapping, filter gasketing, and a variety of other demanding HVAC applications.

PVC Vinyl – A flexible, synthetic material that is resistant to water and moisture, making it a popular choice for a variety of applications including HVAC, transportation, marine, construction, and automobile industries.

Vinyl Neoprene – A resilient and durable material that has excellent sound and thermal insulation properties. It is often used for gaskets, weatherstripping, and other applications requiring a flexible and durable material.

Viton® – Also known as FKM, is a flourelastomer with excellent resistance to heat and chemicals, making it an ideal choice for a variety of industrial applications. It is commonly used in gaskets, seals, and other products that need to resist harsh environmental conditions.

Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) – A synthetic rubber material made from a combination of styrene and butadiene monomers. It also has excellent abrasion and tear resistance, making it a great choice for gasketing applications.

What Material Should You Choose?

Closed cell foam is often used for creating tight seals and gaskets which will prevent air and moisture from entering. In contrast, open cell foam provides a softer and lighter option allowing air to pass through. Irrespective of the purpose, be it insulation, sealants, adhesive foams, gaskets, secure packaging materials or any other requirement, selecting the right cell composition will ensure successful outcomes.  Do you need more help choosing the best material? Contact Pres-On Today.